ChainLadder provides methods and models which are typically used in insurance claims reserving.
The package grew out of presentations given at the Stochastic Reserving Seminar at the Institute of Actuaries in 2007 and 2008 and followed by talks at CAS meetings in 2008 and 2010.
Thomas Mack. Distribution-free calculation of the standard error ofchain ladder reserve estimates. Astin Bulletin. Vol. 23. No 2. 1993.pp.213:225
Thomas Mack. The standard error of chain ladder reserve estimates:Recursive calculation and inclusion of a tail factor. _Astin Bulletin._Vol. 29. No 2. 1999. pp.361:366
Gerhard Quarg and Thomas Mack. Munich Chain Ladder. _Blatter DGVFM 26._Munich. 2004.
England, PD and Verrall, RJ. Stochastic Claims Reserving in GeneralInsurance (with discussion). British Actuarial Journal 8. III. 2002
B. Zehnwirth and G. Barnett. Best Estimates for Reserves.Proceedings of the CAS. Volume LXXXVII. Number 167.November 2000.
Clark, David R., "LDF Curve-Fitting and Stochastic Reserving: A MaximumLikelihood Approach," CAS Forum, Fall 2003.
Zhang Y. A general multivariate chain ladder model.Insurance:Mathematics and Economics, 46, pp. 588:599, 2010.
Zhang, Y. Likelihood-based and Bayesian Methods for Tweedie CompoundPoisson Linear Mixed Models, Statistics and Computing, forthcoming.
Bardis, Majidi, Murphy. A Family of Chain-Ladder Factor Models forSelected Link Ratios. Variance. Pending. Variance 6:2, 2012, pp.143-160.
Modelling the claims development result for solvency purposes. MichaelMerz, Mario V. Wüthrich. Casualty Actuarial Society E-Forum, Fall 2008.
Claims Run-Off Uncertainty: The Full Picture. Michael Merz, Mario V.Wüthrich. Swiss Finance Institute Research Paper No. 14-69.<https://www.ssrn.com/abstract=2524352\>. 2014
Markus Gesmann. Claims Reserving and IBNR. Computational ActuarialScience with R. Chapman and Hall/CRC. 2014