resid_marginal function

Marginal residuals

Calculates marginal residuals of lmerMod and lme model objects.

## Default S3 method:
resid_marginal(object, type)

## S3 method for class 'lmerMod'
resid_marginal(object, type = c("raw", "pearson", "studentized", "cholesky"))

## S3 method for class 'lme'
resid_marginal(object, type = c("raw", "pearson", "studentized", "cholesky"))

Arguments

• object: an object of class lmerMod or lme.
• type: a character string specifying what type of residuals should be calculated. It is set to "raw" (observed - fitted) by default. Other options include "pearson", "studentized", and "cholesky". Partial matching of arguments is used, so only the first character needs to be provided.

Returns

A vector of marginal residuals.

Details

For a model of the form $Y = X \beta + Z b + \epsilon$, four types of marginal residuals can be calculated:

• raw: $r = Y - X \hat{beta}$
• pearson: $r / \sqrt{ diag(\hat{Var}(Y)})$
• studentized: $r / \sqrt{ diag(\hat{Var}(r)})$
• cholesky: $\hat{C}^{-1} r$ where $\hat{C}\hat{C}^\prime = \hat{Var}(Y)$

References

Singer, J. M., Rocha, F. M. M., & Nobre, J. S. (2017). Graphical Tools for Detecting Departures from Linear Mixed Model Assumptions and Some Remedial Measures. International Statistical Review, 85 , 290--324.

Schabenberger, O. (2004) Mixed Model Influence Diagnostics, in Proceedings of the Twenty-Ninth SAS Users Group International Conference, SAS Users Group International.