The coefficient matrices are generated using the algorithm proposed by Ansley and Kohn (1986) which forces stationarity. It's not clear in detail how ar_scale
affects the coefficient matrices. Read the cited article by Ansley and Kohn (1986) and the source code for more information.
Note that when using large ar_scale with large p or d, numerical inaccuracies caused by the imprecision of the float-point presentation may result in errors or nonstationary AR-matrices. Using smaller ar_scale facilitates the usage of larger p or d.
References
Ansley C.F., Kohn R. 1986. A note on reparameterizing a vector autoregressive moving average model to enforce stationarity. Journal of statistical computation and simulation, 24 :2, 99-106.