Samples the latent variables and the model independent parameters mu, phi, sigma, and rho. The observations need to be provided in different formats for efficiency. An approximate SV model is as the default posterior distribution for the latent vector; however, there is the option to correct for model misspecification through the expert settings. Depending on the prior specification, some of mu, phi, sigma, and rho might not be updated. Depending on the expert settings, the function might follow the ancillarity-sufficiency interweaving strategy (ASIS, Yu and Meng, 2011) for sampling mu, phi, sigma, and rho. Also controlled by the expert settings, Furthermore, the user can turn off the sampling of the parameters, the latents, or the mixture indicators in the expert settings.