residuals-ubmsFit-method function

Extract Model Residuals

Extract residuals for a given submodel from a ubmsFit object. Residuals are calculated separately for each submodel using the posterior predictive distribution of the latent state z, following Wright et al. (2019).

## S4 method for signature 'ubmsFit'
residuals(object, submodel, draws = NULL, ...)

Arguments

• object: A fitted model of class ubmsFit
• submodel: Submodel to get residuals for, for example "det"
• draws: An integer indicating the number of draws to return. The default and maximum number of draws is the size of the posterior sample.
• ...: Currently ignored

Returns

A matrix of residual values with dimension draws by observations. Note that calculation of residuals for the detection submodel is conditional on $z > 0$, so residuals for an observation in a posterior draw where $z = 0$ are assigned value NA (Wright et al. 2019).

References

Wright, W. J., Irvine, K. M., & Higgs, M. D. (2019). Identifying occupancy model inadequacies: can residuals separately assess detection and presence? Ecology, 100(6), e02703.