# Binds arrays corner-to-corner Array generalization of blockdiag() ```r adiag1(... , pad=as.integer(0), do.dimnames=TRUE) ``` ## Arguments - `...`: Arrays to be binded together - `pad`: Value to pad array with; note default keeps integer status of arrays - `do.dimnames`: Boolean, with default `TRUE` meaning to return dimnames if possible. Set to `FALSE` if performance is an issue ## Details Binds any number of arrays together, corner-to-corner. Because the function is associative provided pad is of length 1, this page discusses the two array case. If `x=adiag1(a,b)` and `dim(a)=c(a_1,...,a_d)`, `dim(b)=c(b_1,...,b_d)`; then `all(dim(x)==dim(a)+dim(b))` and `x[1:a_1,...,1:a_d]=a` and `x[(a_1+1):(a_1+b_1),...,(a_d+1):(a_d+b_d)]=b`. Dimnames are preserved, if both arrays have non-null dimnames, and `do.dimnames` is `TRUE`. Argument pad is usually a length-one vector, but any vector is acceptable; standard recycling is used. Be aware that the output array (of dimension `dim(a)+dim(b)`) is filled with (copies of) `pad` **before** `a` and `b` are copied. This can be confusing. ## Returns Returns an array of dimensions `dim(a)+dim(b)` as described above. ## Author(s) Peter Wolf with some additions by Robin Hankin ## Note In `adiag1(a,b)`, if `a` is a length-one vector, it is coerced to an array of dimensions `rep(1,length(dim(b)))`; likewise `b`. If both `a` and `b` are length-one vectors, return `diag(c(a,b))`. If `a` and `b` are arrays, function `adiag1()` requires `length(dim(a))==length(dim(b))` (the function does not guess which dimensions have been dropped; see examples section). In particular, note that vectors are not coerced except if of length one. `adiag1()` is used when padding magic hypercubes in the context of evaluating subarray sums. ## Examples ```r a <- array( 1,c(2,2)) b <- array(-1,c(2,2)) adiag1(a,b) ## dropped dimensions can count: b2 <- b1 <- b dim(a) <- c(2,1,2) dim(b1) <- c(2,2,1) dim(b2) <- c(1,2,2) dim(adiag1(a,b1)) dim(adiag1(a,b2)) ## dimnames are preserved if not null: a <- matrix(1,2,2,dimnames=list(col=c("red","blue"),size=c("big","small"))) b <- 8 dim(b) <- c(1,1) dimnames(b) <- list(col=c("green"),size=c("tiny")) adiag1(a,b) #dimnames preserved adiag1(a,8) #dimnames lost because second argument has none. ## non scalar values for pad can be confusing: q <- matrix(0,3,3) adiag1(q,q,pad=1:4) ## following example should make the pattern clear: adiag1(q,q,pad=1:36) # Now, a use for arrays with dimensions of zero extent: z <- array(dim=c(0,3)) colnames(z) <- c("foo","bar","baz") adiag1(a,z) # Observe how this has # added no (ie zero) rows to "a" but # three extra columns filled with the pad value adiag1(a,t(z)) adiag1(z,t(z)) # just the pad value ```

adiag1 function