shift: the amount by which the elements of x should be shifted. if shift==NULL, the average of the off-diagonal elements is substracted
Returns
the shifted kinship matrix 1−shiftx−shift
Details
The kinship matrix produced by beta.dosage is relative to the average kinship of the set of individuals analysed (1/(n(n−1)/2)∑i∑j>ixij=0). Another reference point might be useful, for instance to avoid negative kinship values, one might want to shift the matrix by min(xij),i=j.